Turnitin Whitepaper Plagiarism Web - 2440 Words

WHITE PAPER Plagiarism and the Web: Myths and Realities An Analytical Study on Where Students Find Unoriginal Content on the Internet Prevent Plagiarism. Engage Students. www.turnitin.com Table of Contents 1.0 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4 3.0 Popular Content Resources on the Web ...................................................................... 5 4.0 The Most Popular Student Sources ............................................................................. 6 5.0 The Top Eight Most Popular†¦show more content†¦Contrary to general perceptions, the vast majority of students who have matched content in their work do not rely on cheat sites or paper mills. Instead, many more are using legitimate homework, academic and educational sites as research sources. The study also shows that student research and writing practices are following similar trends of the Internet as a whole. Increasingly, students rely on social networks and user-generated cont ent sites such as content sharing and question-and-answer sites to find materials that they include in their papers. The report outlines some broad trends based on the findings of the study and offers instructors, administrators and parents steps to take to help students use and document sources from the Web. WHITE PAPER | Plagiarism and the Web 4 3.0 Popular Content Resources on the Web Turnitin classified the top 100 most popular web sites that matched existing content in the Turnitin databases over a period of ten months (June 2010 to March 2011). The categories are as follows: Social Networking and Content Sharing This category encompasses sites that rely on user-generated content rather than professionally published content. The sites include social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace, content sharing sites such as Scribd and SlideShare and Question Answer sites such as Yahoo Answers and Answers.com. Homework and Academic TheShow MoreRelatedMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Citing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plagiarism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Going Public In The Stock Market Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3046 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Going public is a term frequently used in the business world. This term can be defined as, the transition of a privately held company to offering its first group of stocks for sale on a common market. (Web definitions). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Going Public In The Stock Market Finance Essay" essay for you Create order It is important for companies to make decisions that would be beneficial to them. By doing so, they can acquire the necessary monies and resources to accomplish success. Business owners should consider a number of factors prior to going into operations. One of the main factors is to decide whether they should remain private or go public. Both start up and established businesses should consider going public. It will be beneficial for an established business go public because this will increase its profitability, sales and revenue. The start-up business can use this opportunity in order to demonstrate its capability to eventually accomplish future success. According to the video viewed on angel, going public, Continental Circuits can be used as an example of a company that went public. However, they faced many difficulties which included competition. Therefore, they needed enhance their successes. This was a company which suffered because of disagreement among management. This paper will aim to outline the criteria and steps required for a company to become a publically traded firm. It will also identify the pros and cons of becoming a public firm. In addition, the major and minor markets around the world will be identified and discussed in detail. Lastly, it will identify the Caribbean companies that can enter the public market and the markets which serve as the best option. There are three main alternatives presented for a company who will wish to sell stocks to the market. This paper will outline all these alternatives and steps involved. The three alternatives are, a rights offering, private offering and public offering. However, this paper will place emphasis on the public offering. An Initial Public Offering could be defined as a corporations first offer to sell stocks (Wordnetweb). Going public would involve a number of steps, however, firstly, a team is selected whenever a company decides to go public. This team will include lawyers and accountants. They would be responsible for advising companies on its Initial Public Offering. Steps required in becoming publicly traded firm The first step involved in going public is to obtain consent from the existing shareholders and who own the privately issued stocks, (Gitman, 2009, p. 38). It is imperative that businesses inform their shareholders of such decisions so as to avoid any future negative end result. The second step involves lawyers and auditors who will be responsible for certifying all documents pertaining to going public and it is important to also have underwriters. They will ensure that all the paper work is legal. The accountants will also have to ensure that all accounting documents are in agreement with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), while on the other hand, the lawyers will need to concentrate of documents relating to litigation and loans. (Gitman, 2009, pg. 338). The third step of this process involves locating an investment bank which will be in agreement to countersign or underwrite the offering. The underwriters are considered as very important in this step because this can influence the accomplishment of the Initial Public Offer. (Gitman, 2009, p. 340). The investment banker will then be responsible for forming an underwriting syndicate who will share financial risk associated with underwriting new securities. (Gitman, 2009, p. 340). In the fourth step of going public the company will file a registration statement with the SEC. A component of the SEC is called the prospectus, which outlines important aspects of the issue, issuer and the management and its financial position. There is a waiting period involved before approval and during this period, the company can receive a preliminary prospectus or red herring (Gitman, 2009, p. 338). Fifthly, once the registration is approved the investment community will then commence analyzing the companys prospects. (Gitman, 2009, p. 338). There will be a quiet period in which the company will have restrictions. This quiet period is to ensure that all potential investors will have access to the equal information. One month after filing, The IPO is usually completed. (Gitman, 2009, p. 338). The sixth step involves the road show, in which the companys stock offering is promoted. This includes a sequence of presentations to potential investors throughout the country which can also be extended to overseas. Another purpose of the road show is to estimate the requirements for the offering and also to set prices. (Gitman, 2009, pg. 339). Lastly, once SEC and the underwriters agree to the offering, a formal endorsement is made and signed. Once decided upon, the underwriter would be given shares that would need to be sold and the company will then receive capital that is acquired from the offering. The pros and cons of becoming a public firm As with everything else, there are advantages and disadvantages of going public. What must be taken into consideration or what must be an onjective to an organisation is to have your pros outweigh your cons. With this, it will give your organisation or firm a stepping stone in becoming a success. Pros Liqiudity: selling stocks from a private company can be challenging. This is due, to stockholders having to look for a different person who will be interested in owning the shares. As a result, this will make the stock more liquid for the public company and not for a private company (Going Public Today, 2009). In addition, having a high degree of liquidity and portfolio diversity can be accomplished (Block Hirt, 2005, p.449). Capital: by going public a firm can increase its monies or capital. However, a firm can increase funds through corporations selling its securities directly to the public (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 449). Mergers: this gives firms the provison to be able to utilize marketable sercurities to conduct mergers (Block Hirt,2005, p. 449). Exit approach: In this approach, both investors and owners of the public firm have the rights to or a choice to sell out at any given time based on the demand of the market due to their stocks having a very fast liquidity approach. Usefulness: Because public firms can possess well in established prices, publicly traded stocks can be useful in estate planning (Block Hirt, 2005, pg. 449). Image/publicity: according to Block Hirt, the high visibility of a public offering may even make the firm a potential recipient of attractive offers for its own securities. However this may not be viewed as an advantage by firms that do not wish to be acquired (Block Hirt, 2005, pg. 449). Free advertisement from the media such as magazines and newpaers will gain this sort of recognition due to them being a public firm. As a result of the free advertisement, revenues and sales will eventually increase (Going public today, 2009). Employee benefits: going public can help compensate and expand their levels of staisfaction, although a firm may not be competent in payig large salaries. However, being able to go public gives the firm the opportunity to make full use its potential in order to pull and keep employess by reccomending or offering stocks to these employees. In addtion, this offer seems to be more valuable and may even include different forms of benefit plans. It is important for a firm to understand that in order to be successful it must be able to have a well qualified staff. This is advantagesous because the company must make sure that they can attract and retain their personnel that is needed to maintain the companys integrity and increase profitablility postion (Zimmerer Scarborough, 2005, pg. 394) Cons Cost: The cost of going public is high (Block Hirt, 2005, pg. 449). Even though a deal made by the firm does not go through the firm can still loose the money that was already spent on down payment. In addtion to this, there are other cost associated such as: legal and accounting fees; travel fees; printing cost and sponsor allowances and filing fees, just to name a few. Difficulity: Becoming a public firm is hard work. It can be time consuming and expensive because cpmpanies must make all information available to the public through SEC and state filings (Block Hirt, 2005, pg. 449). Pressure: A lot of pressure is being placed on firms for short term performance by security analyst and large intitutional investors (Block Hirt, 2005, pg. 449). Liability exposure: By going public, directors and executives of the firm are now exposing themsleves to liability. Once a document has been done wrongly by an employee in the firm, they will be vulnerable to the civil society (Going public today, 2009). Loss of independence: No longer will the firm be operated by its owner. Because investors have the right to vote on whatever may be an issue to the company, they have the right to make decisions that the company may face. Unfortuneltly, a loss of independence resulted in an increase in takeover. Major markets around the world The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE): On an average day, there about $45 billion trades on this exchange and 1.6 billion shares exchange hands. There are currently about 8500 companies listed on the exchange which are worth nearly $17 trillion. (www.money-zine.com). It is considered the worlds leading and most liquid equities exchange group. NYSE Euronext powers the exchanging world and is comprised of equities and derivatives exchanges across the United States and Europe which trade cash equities, futures, options, fixed-income and exchange-traded products. It is home to the worlds leading companies providing access to the global liquidity they need to collaborate, compete and grow. (Stock Exchange, 2009). NASDAQ This stock exchange is recognized as the most technologically savvy stock exchange in the world. Companies such as Microsoft trade on the NASDAQ. (Stock Exchange, 2009). The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. is the worlds largest exchange company. It delivers trading, exchange technology and public company services across six continents, with more than 3,600 listed companies. It offers multiple capital raising solutions to companies around the globe and its technology supports the operations of over 70 exchanges, clearing organizations and central securities depositories in more than 50 countries. (Stock Exchange, 2009) (https://www.nasdaqomx.com/whoweare/quickfacts/) American Stock Exchange (AMEX) This is considered as the third largest stock exchange in the works. On average day, about 50 million shares are exchanged and about 1700 companies are listed. London Stock Exchange (LSE) Although it is much smaller that the American stock markets, this market list about 3300 companies from 60 countries some of which are US companies. One of such companies is General Electric. Toronto Stock Exchange (TSE) Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) Other world markets include: North South America: Dow Jones Industrial Average United States SP 500 Index United States Brazil Bovespa Stock Index Brazil Canada SP/TSX 60 Canada Santiago Index IPSA Chile IPC Mexico Europe: FTSE 100 England Euronext 100 Europe CAC 40 France DAX Germany Swiss Market Index Switzerland Asia: Australia ASX All Ordinaries Australia Shanghai SE Composite Index China Hang Seng Hong Kong Mumbai Sensex India Nikkei 225 Japan Taiwan TSEC 50 Index Taiwan Caribbean companies entering public markets: Caribbean companies which are sometime referred to as small firms, have never been exempted from the public markets, they now have the opportunity to enter these markets in order for them to create international markets for their stocks and find opportunities for international investment, growth, advertising, increase in capital, and expansion of their customer base. How can these companies enter the public markets In the Caribbean, the companies that desire to enter the public market can do so with the aid of the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange. The Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange commonly called ECSE is a regional securities market which is designed to facilitate the buying and selling of financial products, including corporate stocks and bonds and government securities. (ECSE vol. 2, n.d). The ECSE consists of the territories of Anguilla, Antigua Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Kitts Nevis, St. Lucia and St. Vincent the Grenadines. These countries all have companies trading on the public markets. For example Grenada, there companies such as the Grenada Breweries Limited, Grenada Electricity Services and Jonas Browne Hubbards (Gda) Limited. These companies trade their stocks on the international scene. There are guidelines and requirements that companies must follow when entering public markets. They must be listed on the ESCE and meet the required registration requirements. Some of these requirements include, fees and dues and legal requirements. Companies must ensure that their products or services can meet auditing requirements, high level of competitiveness and continuous growth. It is imperative that they seek advice from a stock exchange intermediary being a broker or dealer, who will be able to assist them in meeting the requirements of the ECSE. The ECSE is connected to the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank. Their main focus is on trading of corporate stocks, government securities and bonds and other financial products. It is a very crucial period for any company when entering the public markets. Key focus must be made on involving all persons in the company mainly its shareholders, as they will be the ones who will become the key decision makers. Competency and consistency must be apparent, and must exhibit a high level of transparency and accountability as investors would need to know exactly what is taking place. Some of the listing requirements are subjected to: o Decision making in interest of all shareholders o Meeting all registration requirements (these are set by the ECSRC) o Disclosure and distribution of companys financial structure, performance and activities Another avenue for companies to enter the public market is the IPO Initial Public Offering, this is only applicable to private companies wishing to go public. IPO by a private company is the first sale of stock by the company to the public. Although issued by smaller, younger companies in their quest for expansion of capital, it is issued also by large privately owned companies seeking to be publicly traded. (Investopedia, n.d) (www.investopedia.com/terms/i/ipo.asp). This can be a very risky investment as it will be difficult to predict what the stock will do on its initial day of trading and in the near future. This inadequacy is backed by the fact that there is little historical data with whiaich to analyze the company. On the other hand, IPO creates market value on any companys stock, and while offering shares for sale to the public it is also raising capital. Once these companies go public by IPO, they will be required to service their investors and the Securities Exchange Commission. An example of one such company going public is SGL Holdings Inc. This company traded on the international market but they were found to be in violation of the Grenada Securities Act. No. 23 of 2001 where the act prohibits persons from carrying on businesses as a custodian or manger of a collective investment scheme unless licensed to do so by the ECSRC! SGL Holdings Inc was not a licensed entity under the Securities Act and they eventually suffered the fate with the receipt of a cease and desist order. (ECSRC, n.d). Caribbean companies that can enter public markets and markets that serve as best options Based on the aforementioned information, we opted to select Sagicor Group Insurance Company. This company is known to be one of the worlds oldest and most experienced insurance companies. With its history dating as far back as 1840, the company has proven to be indigenous with respect to the redefining of financial services in the Caribbean. With operations in 22 countries and a variety of products for every life stage, the Company has expanded into the international financial services marked and evolved into a world-class brand. (Sagicor Financial Corporation, 2010). Based on the aforementioned information with respect to the world markets such as NASDAQ, LSE, NYSE; Caribbean companies such as Sagicor can trade on these public markets. Research has shown that Sagicors revenue has increased from $773m in 2007 to $1,205m in 2005; assets increased from $3,650m in 2007 to $4,460m in 2009. (Sagicor Financial Corporation, 2010). Based on the aforementioned information with respect to the world markets such as NASDAQ, LSE, NYSE; Caribbean companies such as Sagicor can trade on these public markets. Research has shown that Sagicors revenue has increased from $773m in 2007 to $1,205m in 2005; assets increased from $3,650m in 2007 to $4,460m in 2009. (Sagicor Financial Corporation, 2010). In Grenada, the Grenada Electricity Services Limited (GRENLEC) has also become a publicly traded company, but the question can be asked. Could GRENLEC enter these international markets? Grenada Electricity Company is the sole provider of electricity in Grenada. The company is responsible for serving more than 40,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers and has been providing integrated services of generation, transmission and distribution of electricity since the 1960s. With the majority of its shares sold to an investor, GRENLEC has seen growth since then. Its customer base has increased from 550 in 1960 to an excess of 40,000 in 2003. The Company is now listed of the ECSE since 2008. This listing has provided shareholders to trade and establish value for their investment. Investors also can purchase shares in the Company. (Author unknown, n.d). Conclusion After carefully considering both markets, Sagicor and GRENLEC, we concluded that not all Caribbean companies wishing to go public can trade in the international public markets. For small firms, we recommend that the ECSE is the most suitable public market for these companies as it will provide the basis for development and training for these companies who endeavour to go public in the future. Going Public can enhance the performanceof a business which in turn will mean more capital for the company. We have outlined some companies which have decided to go public both locally and internationally. However, companies need to pay careful attention to the steps and requirements which they need to follow in order to public, so as to avoid any legal implications. It is important that shareholders be a part of the decision to go public. Once a firm gets to sell bonds and stocks on a local, regional and international level this can result in profits for the company.

Maary Barnett Free Essays

Mary Barnett, the defendant, should not be held responsible for the actions taken and she should clearly be put under the care of the doctors in a health facility. Taking under consideration that Mary is mentally ill and has postpartum depression, she should not be put in jail for it. Alice Jones has known the defendant for more than eight years, and she thinks Mary has a very good attributes both as a social person, and a mother. We will write a custom essay sample on Maary Barnett or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ms.Jones believes Mary started to get depressed after Allison was born, and especially when her ex fiance Tim Stewart moved to California and called off the wedding and she started drinking. For all these reasons Alice believes Mary left little Allison without consciously being alert that she had left her unattended. Dr. Bloom says Mary has postpartum depression, which offended her after the birth of her child. Like Ms. Jones, Dr. Bloom thinks she is depressed, despite, and alcoholic. She was obsessed with her fiance, which drove him away and just made things worse.Since the trial Mary has suffered 2 anxiety attacks and had been in the hospital for several days. Mary Barnett herself knows that she did wrong leaving the child alone, but says that she did not know what was going on, and that she would have stopped it if she had realized what she was doing. All she had wanted was to get to her ex fiance with the hope of him fixing things, yet this didn’t happen. Caroline Hospers thought that Mary was a disgrace and that she couldn’t even keep a husband, but what she didn’t know was that Mary was depressed and in desperate need for help.She thought Mary was just another drunk that was irresponsible and not fit to bad mother. Hospers is wrong because Mary lobed her child and because of the depression and the drinking she didn’t know what she was doing. Officer Mitchell was there when they found the child dead and interrogated Mary. Mary explained what had happened, yet the officer found out this wasn’t true and that there was no babysitter involved, but what the officer doesn’t know is that she was so up set and verwhelmed that Mary just must have said whatever came to her mind. Dr. Parker believes Mary was mentally competent when she left her baby alone to die, yet she knows when she left the baby alone to die, yet she knows she suffers from depression and anxiety. She thinks she is able to stand in trial, but Ms. Barnett will probably fall into another anxiety attack. For this reason being that Mary’s truly not capable of standing in trial to defend her.Mary Barnett is truly incapable of maintaining herself in a stable position where she can stand in a trial and defend herself. She is not responsible for not knowing her actions would cause damage to her baby, because she wasn’t herself on that day. Mary Barnett had only one hope of light, her ex fiance, and with him not being there to keep her daughter, she acted without knowing or even thinking anything would happened, she went off to find help and instead found her baby dead without a reason in her head or what had just happened. How to cite Maary Barnett, Papers

Office Equipment Inc Case Problem free essay sample

LP8 ASSIGNMENT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DESIGN By: Jeffrey L. Blake Course: MT4210 Quantitative Analysis Instructor: Paul Larson Distribution System Design 1. If the company does not change its current distribution strategy, what will its distribution costs be for the follow quarter? Original shipping plan model MIN 3. 21+2. 22+4. 23+3. 94+1. 25+0. 36+2. 17+3. 18+4. 49+2. 710+4. 711+3. 412+ 2. 113+2. 514 DISTRIBUTION CONSTRAINTS 1. x1+x2+x3? 30,000 2. x4+x5? 20,000 3. –x1+x6+x7+x8+x9=0 4. –x2-x4+x10+x11+x12=0 5. –x3-x5+x13+x14=0 6. x6=3600 7. x7=4880 8. x8=2130 . x9=1210 10. x10=6120 11. x11=4830 12. x12=2750 13. x13=8580 14. x14=4460 I used this distribution model because the question states that the company in not changing its current distribution strategy. Constraints 1-2 are the number of units that the two plants are able to produce. Constraints 3-5 are transshipment constraints; they guarantee that the number of units shipped into the distribution center is equa l to the number shipped out. Constraints 6-14 are the number of units demanded at each customer zone and are in place to guarantee the demand is satisfied. We will write a custom essay sample on Office Equipment Inc Case Problem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now to show how to calculate the totals we must set up the model to show no limitations as the problem is saying. To set that up I am going to list the new formulas without limitations. MIN 3. 21+2. 22+4. 23+3. 94+1. 25+0. 36+2. 17+3. 18+4. 49+2. 710+4. 711+ 3. 412+2. 113+2. 514+6. 0x15+5. 216+5. 417+4. 518+6. 0x19+3. 320+2. 721+ 5. 422+3. 323+2. 424 S. T. (subject to): 1. x1+x2+x3? 30,000 2. x4+x5? 20,000 3. –x1+x6+x7+x8+x9+x15=0 4. –x2-x4+x10+x11+x12+x16+x17+x18+x19+x20+x21=0 5. –x3-x5+x13+x14+x22+x23+x24=0 6. x6+x16=3600 7. x7+x17=4880 8. x8+x18=2130 9. x9+x19=1210 0. x10+x15+x22=6120 11. x11+x23=4830 12. x12+x24=2750 13. x13+x20=8580 14. x14+x21=4460 If Darby keeps the current distribution plan, the total cost will be $620,770 for the following quarter. This is computed by taking the information from above and putting it into the objective function which shows the minimized shipping cost to be $194,060. To find the manufacturing cost, we take the values for x 1 through x6 and multiple by their respective costs per unit. For example, the values x1, x2 and x3 are the number of items shipped from the El Paso plant, where the manufacturing cost is $10. 0 per unit. These values are 14,520 units to ship to the Ft. Worth distribution center, 13,700 units to ship to the Santa Fe plant and 0 to ship to the Las Vegas distribution plant. In order to ship the meters, they must produce them, therefore the manufacturing cost at the El Paso plant is $152,460 (1452010. 50) + $148,850 (13,70010. 50) = $296,310. The San Bernardino plant only has a value for shipping to the Las Vegas distribution center and this value is 13,040 units. Since the cost of manufacturing at that plant is only $10 per unit, their cost is $130,400. When the cost of manufacturing at each plant is added to the cost of shipping throughout the system the total is $296,310 + $130,400 + $194,060 = $620,770. If the company does not change its current distribution strategy the following quarter the distribution cost for the following quarter will be $620,060. 2. Suppose that the company is willing to consider dropping the distribution center limitations: that is, customers could be served by any of the distribution centers for which costs are available. Can costs be reduced? By how much? Min 3. x1 + 2. 22 + 4. 23 + 3. 94 + 1. 25 + 0. 36 + 2. 17 + 3. 18 + 4. 49 + 2. 710 + 4. 711 + 3. 412 + 2. 113 + 2. 514 + 6. 0x15 + 5. 216 + 5. 417 + 4. 518 + 6. 0x19 + 3. 320 + 2. 721 + 5. 422 + 3. 323 + 2. 424 + 0. 325 +0. 726 + 3. 527 s. t. : 1. x1 + x2 + x3 + x27 ? 30,000 2. x4 + x5 + x25 + x26 ? 20,000 3. -x1 + x6 + x7 + x8 + x9 + x15 = 0 4. -x2 x4 + x10 + x11 + x12 + x16 + x17 + x18 + x19 + x20 + x21 = 0 5. –x3 – x5 + x13 + x14 + x2 2 + x23 + x24 = 0 6. x6 + x16 =3600 7. x7 + x17 + x27 = 4880 8. x8 + x18 = 2130 9. 9 + x19 = 1210 10. x10 + x15 + x22 = 6120 11. x11 + x23 = 4830 12. x12 + x24 = 2750 13. x13 + x20 + x25 =8580 14. x14 + x21 + x26 = 4460 If Darby Company drops the shipping limitations and allows any distribution center to supply to any customer zone for which they have shipping information, their total cost would be reduced to $600,942, which is a savings of $19,828 or 3. 2%. By putting the above information into the objective function, the distribution plan without restrictions reduces the cost of shipping to $177,712 – a savings of $16,888. In addition, this new plan allows the company produce more of its meters at its more cost efficient San Bernardino plant – in fact, under this plan it produces at capacity, which is 20,000 units, meaning that its cost of manufacturing is $200,000. These units are then shipped to Las Vegas. The El Paso plant produces 14520 units for the Ft. Worth center and only 6740 for the Santa Fe center. The cost of manufacturing these units are $152460 and $70,770 respectively, making the cost at the El Paso plant $223,230. Adding all these costs together gives us the total cost as such: $177,712 + $200,000 + $223,230 = $600,942. This plan allows more than one center to supply to a specific zone and the solution shows that this is the case for the San Diego customer zone. The Santa Fe center supplies 620 units to them and the Las Vegas center supplies the other 3,840, satisfying their 4460 demanded units. In addition, this plan allows a different center to service customers if it is cheaper. Yes, the costs can be reduced if there were no limitations. They would be able to reduce it by $19,828 or 3. 2% compared to the model of limitation being used. 3. The company wants to explore the possibility of satisfying some of the customer demand directly from the production plant. In particular, the shipping cost is $0. 30 per unit from San Bernardino to Los Angeles and $0. 70 from San Bernardino to San Diego. The cost for direct shipments from El Paso to San Antonio is $3. 50 per unit. Can distribution cost be further reduced by considering these direct plant to customer shipments? In order to reduce costs even further, Darby Company could not only drop it’s shipping limitations, but also ship directly to its Los Angeles, San Diego and San Antonio customer zones. By doing this, Darby Company’s total cost will be $553,534 – which is a savings of $47,408, or 7. 9% from the limitation-free distribution system and a savings of $67,236, or 10. 8% from the original distribution system. Darby should definitely adopt this plan of allowing customer zones to be supplied by numerous distribution centers as well as shipping directly the aforementioned customer zones. Under this system, the San Bernardino plant again operates at full capacity, and ships 6,960 units to the Las Vegas distribution center and as also satisfies the entire demand at the Las Angeles and San Diego, which is 8,580 and 4,460 respectively. Satisfying these demands makes the manufacturing cost at the San Bernardino plant $200,000. Meanwhile, the El Paso plant produces 21,260 units in total, shipping 9,640 units to the Ft. Worth distribution center, 6,740 to the Santa Fe and 4,880 (all of the demand) to San Antonio, making the manufacturing cost $223,230. These manufacturing costs are the same as those in question #2, but the cost of shipping in this system that reduces the total cost. The shipping cost is only $130,304. This is because it is a great deal cheaper to supply directly to the customers in question, which is usually the case for all direct shipping and especially in this case as San Bernardino is much close to LA and San Diego than Las Vegas or Santa Fe, as well as San Antonio from El Paso rather than Ft. Worth. 4. Over the next five years, Darby is anticipating moderate growth (5,000 meters) to the north and west. Would you recommend that they consider plant expansion at this time? I would not recommend expanding production capacity for the moderate growth of 5,000 units. First of all, the El Paso plant is producing 8,740 units below their capacity, which could be used to satisfy an increased demand. This increased capacity can then possibly be shipped to the Santa Fe istribution center, which can service any customer zone. The plant capacity should only be expanded if the majority of the demand comes from the west, where it is cheaper to produce and ship from San Bernardino plant. If this demand is focused in the west, the current projects of shipping costs are only valid up to 20,620 units. This means production capacity would have to be expanded. The cost of expanding a plant should of course be weighed against the cost of shipping to determine whether it is worth it.

Critique Freud essays

Critique Freud essays Critique Freud - Strengths and Weaknesses. The study of the human mind will always have its complexities and its doubts on certain subjects. Like all psychoanalytical theories, it is impossible to prove beyond a doubt, and much easier to uncover its strengths rather than its weaknesses. Freud, like many psychologists that explored new theories, had much more room for criticism However, there are strengths that are very agreeable, since to many people he exhibited brilliance, and was a founder of many psychological theories. The low point of Freud which seems to stand out is that he only studied upper middle class women in the early 20th century. Many would argue that his conclusions were taken from a narrow point of view. All of his theories could never be proven, because there is no way to form any sort of concrete experiment. All of his terms were inferred as apposed to proven. There is also the thought that, since he is studying so much of the unconscious, isn't it true that he might unconsciously overlook something, or unconsciously focus too much on one aspect? After all, he is a human being with a mind just like the human beings in which he studied. Was it true that Michelangelo was unconsciously painting his mother in the Mona Lisa, or was Freud himself interpreting it this way because he unconsciously wanted it to be his mother? All of these ideas pose a problem in proving Freud's theories, and all have endless room for elaboration. It is true, however, that Freud's theories do make sense in observation. If you were to look at a young boy going through the Phallic stage, you would most likely find that he is very close to his mother. Freud himself put a lot of time into all of his studies, and was an observer himself. He inspired many others to follow in his footsteps, elaborate on all his theories, and use ...

10 Astonishing Facts About House Flies

10 Astonishing Facts About House Flies The house fly, Musca domestica, may be the most common insect we  encounter. But how much do you actually know about the house fly? Here are 10 fascinating facts about house flies: 1. House Flies Live Almost Everywhere There Are People Though believed to be native to Asia, house flies now inhabit nearly every corner of the globe. With the exception of Antarctica and perhaps a few islands, house flies live everywhere people do. House flies are synanthropic organisms, meaning they benefit ecologically from their association with humans and our domesticated animals. As humans throughout history traveled to new lands by ship, plane, train, or horse-drawn wagon, house flies were their travel companions. Conversely, house flies are rarely found in the wilderness or in places where humans are absent. Should humankind cease to exist, house flies might share our fate. 2. House Flies Are Relatively Young Insects in the World As an order, true flies are ancient creatures that appeared on Earth during the Permian period, over 250 million years ago. But house flies seem to be relatively young, compared to their Dipteran cousins. The earliest known Musca fossils are only 70 million years old. This evidence suggests the closest ancestors of house flies appeared during the Cretaceous period, just before the infamous meteorite fell from the sky and, some say, triggered the extinction of the dinosaurs. 3. House Flies Multiply Quickly Were it not for environmental conditions and predation, wed be overrun by house flies. Musca domestica has a short life cycle – just 6 days if conditions are right – and a female house fly lays an average of 120 eggs at a time. Scientists once calculated what would happen if a single pair of flies were able to reproduce without limits or mortality to their offspring. The result? Those two flies, in just 5 months time, would produce 191,010,000,000,000,000,000 house flies, enough to cover the planet several meters deep. 4. House Flies Don't Travel Far and Aren't Fast Hear that buzzing sound? Thats the rapid movement of a house flys wings, which can beat up to 1,000 times per minute. Thats no typo. It may surprise you to learn, then, that theyre generally slow fliers, maintaining a speed of about 4.5 miles per hour. House flies move when environmental conditions compel them to do so. In urban areas, where people live in close proximity and there is plenty of garbage and other filth to be found, house flies have small territories and may only fly 1,000 meters or so. But rural house flies will roam far and wide in search of manure, covering up to 7 miles over time. The longest flight distance recorded for a house fly is 20 miles. 5. House Flies Make Their Living in Filth House flies feed and breed in the things we revile: garbage, animal dung, sewage, human excrement, and other nasty substances. Musca domestica is probably the best known and most common of the insects we collectively refer to as filth flies. In suburban or rural areas, house flies are also plentiful in fields where fish meal or manure is used as fertilizer, and in compost heaps where grass clippings and rotting vegetables accumulate. 6. House Flies Are on an All-Liquid Diet House flies have sponge-like mouthparts, which are good for soaking up liquefied substances but not for eating solid foods. So, the house fly either seeks out food that is already in puddle form, or it finds a way to turn the food source into something it can manage. This is where things get kind of gross. When a house fly locates something tasty but solid, it regurgitates onto the food (which may be your food, if its buzzing around your barbecue). The fly vomit contains digestive enzymes that go to work on the desired snack, quickly predigesting and liquefying it so the fly can lap it up. 7. House Flies Taste With Their Feet How do flies decide something is appetizing? They step on it! Like butterflies, house flies have their taste buds on their toes, so to speak. Taste receptors, called chemosensilla, are located at the far ends of the flys tibia and tarsa (in simpler terms, the lower leg and foot). The moment they land on something of interest – your garbage, a pile of horse manure, or perhaps your lunch – they start sampling its flavor by walking around. 8. House Flies Transmit a Lot of Diseases Because house flies thrive in places that are teeming with pathogens, they have a bad habit of carrying disease-causing agents with them from place to place. A house fly will land on a pile of dog poop, inspect it thoroughly with its feet, and then fly over to your picnic table and walk around on your hamburger bun for a bit. Their food and breeding sites are already overflowing with bacteria, and then they vomit and defecate on them to add to the mess. House flies are known to transmit at least 65 diseases and infections, including cholera, dysentery, giardiasis, typhoid, leprosy, conjunctivitis, salmonella, and many more. 9. House Flies Can Walk Upside Down You probably knew that already, but do you know how they perform this gravity-defying feat? Slow motion video shows that a house fly will approach a ceiling by executing a half roll maneuver, and then will extend its legs to make contact with the substrate. Each of the house flys legs bears a tarsal claw with a sticky pad of sorts, so the fly is able to grip almost any surface, from smooth window glass to a ceiling. 10. House Flies Poop a Lot Theres a saying, Never poop where you eat. Sage advice, most would say. Because house flies live on a liquid diet (see #6), things move rather quickly through their digestive tracts. Nearly every time a house fly lands, it defecates. So in addition to vomiting on anything it thinks might make a tasty meal, the house fly almost always does poop where it eats. Keep that in mind next time one touches down on your potato salad. Sources: The Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition, edited by John L. Capinera.Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd edition, edited by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde.Vector Control: Methods for Use by Individuals and Communities, by Jan A. Rozendaal, World Health Organization.Physicians Guide to Arthropods of Medical Importance, 6th edition, by Jerome Goddard.Elements of Entomology, by Dr. Rajendra Singh.Time Flies, a New Molecular Time-Scale for Brachyceran Fly Evolution Without a Clock, in Systematic Biology, 2003.

Gender Sexuality and Nationalism in the Early 20th Century in China Essay

Gender Sexuality and Nationalism in the Early 20th Century in China - Essay Example However, with the changes that were facing the country in the early 20th century, the aspects that were previously restricted increased in the number of cases and more people began engaging in different acts. One of the cases that had increased was prostitution that was more acceptable as with the fast growing population and city life people stated in engaging in the acts and although the men were also affected, the women were the most highly affected (Liu, et al 90). There was more premarital sexual behavior since the people that had moved to the urban areas did not believe in sticking to the same rules that restricted them before. There was also a change in nationalism as the state stopped being involved in every aspect of its people’s lives and due to the changes in the global setting, there were other problems that had hit the country. The state stopped looking at the state of affairs of marriages by individuals and as a result, there was increased freedom among the people . The state would however still involve itself in the problems facing the marriage if there was any violence or if the issue was brought to the attention of the state. The state and the people had started changing their previous beliefs and they were slowly integrating the modernity model into their lives that brought with it other sexual behaviors. Masculinity and femininity are also important aspects that were slowly changing in China as the old and patriarchal systems were changing although at a slow rate.